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Linux-Nginx建站

准备工作

安装 Nginx

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sudo apt update && sudo apt install nginx

配置防火墙

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sudo ufw allow 'Nginx Full'         # 允许 Nginx 全部流量

# 其他常用规则
sudo ufw status                     # 展示防火墙规则
sudo ufw status numbered            # 展示防火墙规则编号
sudo ufw allow <port>/tcp           # 允许某个端口的 TCP 流量
sudo ufw delete <num>               # 删除规则

添加完 Nginx 规则后，应该可以访问网站了。

建立网页

创建网页文件

使用下述命令创建文件，并将文本复制进去后，即可创建一个最简单的网页文件。

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mkdir -p /var/www/test && nano /var/www/test/index.html
chmod -R a+r /var/www
sudo systemctl reload nginx
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<html lang="">
  <!-- Text between angle brackets is an HTML tag and is not displayed.
        Most tags, such as the HTML and /HTML tags that surround the contents of
        a page, come in pairs; some tags, like HR, for a horizontal rule, stand
        alone. Comments, such as the text you're reading, are not displayed when
        the Web page is shown. The information between the HEAD and /HEAD tags is
        not displayed. The information between the BODY and /BODY tags is displayed.-->
  <head>
    <title>Enter a title, displayed at the top of the window.</title>
  </head>
  <!-- The information between the BODY and /BODY tags is displayed.-->
  <body>
    <h1>Enter the main heading, usually the same as the title.</h1>
    <p>Be <b>bold</b> in stating your key points. Put them in a list:</p>
    <ul>
      <li>The first item in your list</li>
      <li>The second item; <i>italicize</i> key words</li>
    </ul>
    <p>Improve your image by including an image.</p>
    <p>
      <img src="https://i.imgur.com/SEBww.jpg" alt="A Great HTML Resource" />
    </p>
    <p>
      Add a link to your favorite
      <a href="https://www.dummies.com/">Web site</a>. Break up your page
      with a horizontal rule or two.
    </p>
    <hr />
    <p>
      Finally, link to <a href="page2.html">another page</a> in your own Web
      site.
    </p>
    <!-- And add a copyright notice.-->
    <p>&#169; Wiley Publishing, 2011</p>
  </body>
</html>

配置 Nginx

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sudo nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
sudo systemctl reload nginx

将下方文本添加在 http{} 内。

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server {
    listen 80;
    server_name 二级域名.你的域名.顶级域名;
    root /var/www/test;
    index index.html;
}

现在访问网站应该可见如下网页。

❗ 如果出现错误 403 ，有可能是文件权限设置错误。